Molar ionization energies of the elements

This table lists values of molar ionization energies of the elements. This is the energy per mole necessary to remove electrons from gaseous atoms or atomic ions. All values in the table are given in the unit of kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol). The values for the element rutherfordium and with higher atomic numbers are predicted, not determined.

#	Element	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
1	Hydrogen	1312
2	Helium	2372.3	5250.5
3	Lithium	520.2	7298.1	11815
4	Beryllium	899.5	1757.1	14848.7	21006.6
5	Boron	800.6	2427.1	3659.7	25025.8	32826.7
6	Carbon	1086.5	2352.6	4620.5	6222.7	37831	47277
7	Nitrogen	1402.3	2856	4578.1	7475	9444.9	53266.6	64360
8	Oxygen	1313.9	3388.3	5300.5	7469.2	10989.5	13326.5	71330	84078
9	Fluorine	1681	3374.2	6050.4	8407.7	11022.7	15164.1	17868	92038.1	106434.3
10	Neon	2080.7	3952.3	6122	9371	12177	15238	19999	23069.5	115379.5	131432
11	Sodium	495.8	4562	6910.3	9543	13354	16613	20117	25496	28932	141362	159076
12	Magnesium	737.7	1450.7	7732.7	10542.5	13630	18020	21711	25661	31653	35458	169988	189368
13	Aluminium	577.5	1816.7	2744.8	11577	14842	18379	23326	27465	31853	38473	42647	201266	222316
14	Silicon	786.5	1577.1	3231.6	4355.5	16091	19805	23780	29287	33878	38726	45962	50502	235196	257923
15	Phosphorus	1011.8	1907	2914.1	4963.6	6273.9	21267	25431	29872	35905	40950	46261	54110	59024	271791	296195
16	Sulfur	999.6	2252	3357	4556	7004.3	8495.8	27107	31719	36621	43177	48710	54460	62930	68216	311048	337138
17	Chlorine	1251.2	2298	3822	5158.6	6542	9362	11018	33604	38600	43961	51068	57119	63363	72341	78095	352994	380760
18	Argon	1520.6	2665.8	3931	5771	7238	8781	11995	13842	40760	46186	52002	59653	66199	72918	82473	88576	397605	427066
19	Potassium	418.8	3052	4420	5877	7975	9590	11343	14944	16963.7	48610	54490	60730	68950	75900	83080	93400	99710	444880	476063
20	Calcium	589.8	1145.4	4912.4	6491	8153	10496	12270	14206	18191	20385	57110	63410	70110	78890	86310	94000	104900	111711	494850	527762
21	Scandium	633.1	1235	2388.6	7090.6	8843	10679	13310	15250	17370	21726	24102	66320	73010	80160	89490	97400	105600	117000	124270	547530	582163
22	Titanium	658.8	1309.8	2652.5	4174.6	9581	11533	13590	16440	18530	20833	25575	28125	76015	83280	90880	100700	109100	117800	129900	137530	602930	639294
23	Vanadium	650.9	1414	2830	4507	6298.7	12363	14530	16730	19860	22240	24670	29730	32446	86450	94170	102300	112700	121600	130700	143400	151440	661050	699144
24	Chromium	652.9	1590.6	2987	4743	6702	8744.9	15455	17820	20190	23580	26130	28750	34230	37066	97510	105800	114300	125300	134700	144300	157700	166090	721870	761733
25	Manganese	717.3	1509	3248	4940	6990	9220	11500	18770	21400	23960	27590	30330	33150	38880	41987	109480	118100	127100	138600	148500	158600	172500	181380	785450	827067
26	Iron	762.5	1561.9	2957	5290	7240	9560	12060	14580	22540	25290	28000	31920	34830	37840	44100	47206	122200	131000	140500	152600	163000	173600	188100	195200	851800	895161
27	Cobalt	760.4	1648	3232	4950	7670	9840	12440	15230	17959	26570	29400	32400	36600	39700	42800	49396	52737	134810	145170	154700	167400	178100	189300	204500	214100	920870	966023
28	Nickel	737.1	1753	3395	5300	7339	10400	12800	15600	18600	21670	30970	34000	37100	41500	44800	48100	55101	58570	148700	159000	169400	182700	194000	205600	221400	231490	992718	1039668
29	Copper	745.5	1957.9	3555	5536	7700	9900	13400	16000	19200	22400	25600	35600	38700	42000	46700	50200	53700	61100	64702	163700	174100	184900	198800	210500	222700	239100	249660	1067358	1116105
30	Zinc	906.4	1733.3	3833	5731	7970	10400	12900	16800	19600	23000	26400	29990	40490	43800	47300	52300	55900	59700	67300	71200	179100
31	Gallium	578.8	1979.3	2963	6180
32	Germanium	762	1537.5	3302.1	4411	9020
33	Arsenic	947	1798	2735	4837	6043	12310
34	Selenium	941	2045	2973.7	4144	6590	7880	14990
35	Bromine	1139.9	2103	3470	4560	5760	8550	9940	18600
36	Krypton	1350.8	2350.4	3565	5070	6240	7570	10710	12138	22274	25880	29700	33800	37700	43100	47500	52200	57100	61800	75800	80400	85300	90400	96300	101400	111100	116290	282500	296200	311400	326200
37	Rubidium	403	2633	3860	5080	6850	8140	9570	13120	14500	26740
38	Strontium	549.5	1064.2	4138	5500	6910	8760	10230	11800	15600	17100	31270
39	Yttrium	600	1180	1980	5847	7430	8970	11190	12450	14110	18400	19900	36090
40	Zirconium	640.1	1270	2218	3313	7752	9500
41	Niobium	652.1	1380	2416	3700	4877	9847	12100
42	Molybdenum	684.3	1560	2618	4480	5257	6640.8	12125	13860	15835	17980	20190	22219	26930	29196	52490	55000	61400	67700	74000	80400	87000	93400	98420	104400	121900	127700	133800	139800	148100	154500
43	Technetium	702	1470	2850
44	Ruthenium	710.2	1620	2747
45	Rhodium	719.7	1740	2997
46	Palladium	804.4	1870	3177
47	Silver	731	2070	3361
48	Cadmium	867.8	1631.4	3616
49	Indium	558.3	1820.7	2704	5210
50	Tin	708.6	1411.8	2943	3930.3	7456
51	Antimony	834	1594.9	2440	4260	5400	10400
52	Tellurium	869.3	1790	2698	3610	5668	6820	13200
53	Iodine	1008.4	1845.9	3180
54	Xenon	1170.4	2046.4	3099.4
55	Cesium	375.7	2234.3	3400
56	Barium	502.9	965.2	3600
57	Lanthanum	538.1	1067	1850.3	4819	5940
58	Cerium	534.4	1050	1949	3547	6325	7490
59	Praseodymium	527	1020	2086	3761	5551
60	Neodymium	533.1	1040	2130	3900
61	Promethium	540	1050	2150	3970
62	Samarium	544.5	1070	2260	3990
63	Europium	547.1	1085	2404	4120
64	Gadolinium	593.4	1170	1990	4250
65	Terbium	565.8	1110	2114	3839
66	Dysprosium	573	1130	2200	3990
67	Holmium	581	1140	2204	4100
68	Erbium	589.3	1150	2194	4120
69	Thulium	596.7	1160	2285	4120
70	Ytterbium	603.4	1174.8	2417	4203
71	Lutetium	523.5	1340	2022.3	4370	6445
72	Hafnium	658.5	1440	2250	3216
73	Tantalum	761	1500
74	Tungsten	770	1700
75	Rhenium	760	1260	2510	3640
76	Osmium	840	1600
77	Iridium	880	1600
78	Platinum	870	1791
79	Gold	890.1	1980
80	Mercury	1007.1	1810	3300
81	Thallium	589.4	1971	2878
82	Lead	715.6	1450.5	3081.5	4083	6640
83	Bismuth	703	1610	2466	4370	5400	8520
84	Polonium	812.1
85	Astatine	899.003
86	Radon	1037
87	Francium	380
88	Radium	509.3	979
89	Actinium	499	1170	1900	4700
90	Thorium	587	1110	1930	2780
91	Protactinium	568	1128	1814	2991
92	Uranium	597.6	1420	1900	3145
93	Neptunium	604.5	1128	1997	3242
94	Plutonium	584.7	1128	2084	3338
95	Americium	578	1158	2132	3493
96	Curium	581	1196	2026	3550
97	Berkelium	601	1186	2152	3434
98	Californium	608	1206	2267	3599
99	Einsteinium	619	1216	2334	3734
100	Fermium	627	1225	2363	3792
101	Mendelevium	635	1235	2470	3840
102	Nobelium	642	1254	2643	3956
103	Lawrencium	470	1428	2228	4910
104	Rutherfordium	579.9	1389.4	2296.4	3077.9
105	Dubnium	664.8	1546.7	2378.4	3298.8	4305.2
106	Seaborgium	757.4	1732.9	2483.5	3415.6	4561.8	5715.8
107	Bohrium	742.9	1688.5	2566.5	3598.9	4727.8	5991.7	7226.8
108	Hassium	733.3	1756.0	2827.0	3637.5	4940.0	6175.1	7535.5	8857.4
109	Meitnerium	800.8	1823.6	2904.2	3859.4	4920.8
110	Darmstadtium	955.2	1891.1	3029.6	3955.9	5113.7
111	Roentgenium	1022.7	2074.4	3077.9	4052.4	5306.7
112	Copernicium	1154.9	2170.0	3164.7	4245.4	5499.7
113	Nihonium	704.9	2238.5	3023.3	4351.5	5692.6
114	Flerovium	823.9	1601.6	3367.3	4399.7	5847.0
115	Moscovium	538.4	1756.0	2653.3	4679.5	5721.6
116	Livermorium	663.9	1330	2850	3810	6080
117	Tennessine	736.9	1435.4	2161.9	4012.9	5076.4
118	Oganesson	860.1	1560

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Molar ionization energies of the elements