60
Nd
144.242
Neodymium
Lanthanide
Period 6
Block f
Neodymium is a chemical element of the periodic table with chemical symbol Nd and atomic number 60 with an atomic weight of 144.242 u and is classed as lanthanide. Neodymium is solid at room temperature.
Neodymium in the periodic table
| Symbol | Nd |
| Atomic number | 60 |
| Group | - |
| Period | 6 |
| Block | f |
| Classification | Lanthanide |
| Appearance | Silvery white |
| Color | Silver |
| Number of protons | 60 p+ |
| Number of neutrons | 84 n0 |
| Number of electrons | 60 e- |
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaNeodymium is a chemical element with symbol Nd and atomic number 60. It is a soft silvery metal that tarnishes in air. Neodymium was discovered in 1885 by the Austrian chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach.
Physical properties
| Phase at STP | Solid |
| Density | 7.01 g/cm3 |
| Atomic weight | 144.242 u |
Thermal properties
| Melting point | 1297 K 1023.85 °C 1874.93 °F |
| Boiling point | 3347 K 3073.85 °C 5564.93 °F |
| Heat of vaporization | 283.68 kJ/mol |
Atomic properties
| Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) | 1.14 |
| Electron affinity | 184.87 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation states | 0, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide) |
| Ionization energies |
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Electron configuration for neodymium
Electron configuration Shorthand configuration | [Xe] 4f4 6s2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f4 5s2 5p6 6s2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electron configuration chart |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outer shell electrons | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Valency electrons | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bohr model | Figure: Shell diagram of Neodymium (Nd) atom. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Orbital Diagram
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The history of Neodymium
| Discovery | Carl Auer von Welsbach (1885) |
Discovery of neodymium Neodymium was discovered in 1885 by the Austrian chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach, who also discovered praseodymium. The name neodymium is derived from the Greek words neos (νέος), new, and didymos (διδύμος), twin. | |
| Original word | neos + didymos |
| Language of origin | Greek |
| Name source | Properties |
| Meaning | “New twin” |
Naming The name comes from the Greek 'neos' (new) and 'didymos' (twin), reflecting the split of the old element didymium into neodymium and praseodymium. | |