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Magnesium (Mg)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaMagnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (Group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table:they each have the same electron configuration in their outer electron shell producing a similar crystal structure. Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe.
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Magnesium in the periodic table

SymbolMg
Atomic number12
Group2
Period3
Blocks
Element categoryAlkaline Earth Metal

Physical properties

Phase at STPSolid
Density1.738 g/cm3
Atomic weight24.305 u
Melting point923 K
649.85 °C
1201.73 °F
Boiling point1363 K
1089.85 °C
1993.73 °F

Atomära egenskaper

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)1.31
Electron affinity-40 kJ/mol
Ionization energies
1737.7 kJ/mol
2 1450.7 kJ/mol
3 7732.7 kJ/mol
4 10542.5 kJ/mol
5 13630 kJ/mol
6 18020 kJ/mol
7 21711 kJ/mol
8 25661 kJ/mol
9 31653 kJ/mol
10 35458 kJ/mol
11 169988 kJ/mol
12 189368 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

Electron configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 2

History

Discovered1755
Discovered byJoseph Black