Sodium Aluminium

Magnesium (Mg)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaMagnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (Group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table:they each have the same electron configuration in their outer electron shell producing a similar crystal structure. Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe.

Magnesium in the periodic table

Symbol

Atomic number

Group

Period

Block

Element category

Alkaline Earth Metal

Physical properties

Phase at STP

Solid

Density

1.738 g/cm³

Atomic weight

24.305 u

Melting point

923 K
649.85 °C
1201.73 °F

Boiling point

1363 K
1089.85 °C
1993.73 °F

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)

1.31

Electron affinity

-40 kJ/mol

Oxidation states

+1, +2
(a strongly basic oxide)

Ionization energies

1	737.7 kJ/mol
2	1450.7 kJ/mol
3	7732.7 kJ/mol
4	10542.5 kJ/mol
5	13630 kJ/mol
6	18020 kJ/mol
7	21711 kJ/mol
8	25661 kJ/mol
9	31653 kJ/mol
10	35458 kJ/mol
11	169988 kJ/mol
12	189368 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

Elektronkonfiguration (shorthand)

[Ne] 3s²

Electron configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s²

Electrons per shell

2, 8, 2

History

Discovered

1755

Discovered by

Joseph Black