Sodium

Symbol	Na
Atomic number	11
Group	1 (Alkali metal)
Period	3
Block	s
Classification	Alkali Metal

Appearance	Silvery white metallic
Color	Silver

Number of protons	11 p+
Number of neutrons	12 n0
Number of electrons	11 e-

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaSodium /ˈsoʊdiəm/ is a chemical element with symbol Na (from Ancient Greek Νάτριο) and atomic number 11. It is a soft, silver-white, highly reactive metal. In the Periodic table it is in column 1 (alkali metals), and shares with the other six elements in that column that it has a single electron in its outer shell, which it readily donates, creating a positively charged atom - a cation.

Phase at STP	Solid
Density	0.968 g/cm3
Atomic weight	22.9898 u

Melting point	370.944 K 97.794 °C 208.0292 °F
Boiling point	1156.09 K 882.94 °C 1621.292 °F
Heat of vaporization	98.01 kJ/mol

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)	0.93
Electron affinity	52.867 kJ/mol
Oxidation states	−1, +1 (a strongly basic oxide)
Ionization energies	495.8 kJ/mol 4562 kJ/mol 6910.3 kJ/mol 9543 kJ/mol 13354 kJ/mol 16613 kJ/mol 20117 kJ/mol 25496 kJ/mol 28932 kJ/mol 141362 kJ/mol 159076 kJ/mol

Electron configuration Shorthand configuration	[Ne] 3s1
Electron configuration Full configuration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Electron configuration chart	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 1
Valence electrons	1
Valency electrons	1
Bohr model	Figure: Shell diagram of Sodium (Na) atom.
Orbital Diagram	1s 2s 2p 3s

Discovery and first isolation

Humphry Davy (1807)

Discovery of sodium In medieval Europe, a compound of sodium with the Latin name of sodanum was used as a headache remedy. The name sodium is thought to originate from the Arabic suda, meaning headache, as the headache-alleviating properties of sodium carbonate or soda were well known in early times. Although sodium, sometimes called soda, had long been recognized in compounds, the metal itself was not isolated until 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy through the electrolysis of sodium hydroxide. In 1809, the German physicist and chemist Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert proposed the names Natronium for Humphry Davy's "sodium" and Kalium for Davy's "potassium". The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published in 1814 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols, and is an abbreviation of the element's New Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt mainly consisting of hydrated sodium carbonate.

Original word	soda
Language of origin	English
Name source	Properties
Meaning	“Soda”
Symbol origin	Symbol Na is from the Modern Latin noun natrium, derived from Greek νίτρον (nítron), 'natural soda, a kind of salt'.
Naming The name is derived from the English word soda and Medieval Latin word sodanum for "headache remedy".

CAS Number	7440-23-5
ChemSpider ID	4514534
EC number	231-132-9
PubChem CID Number	5360545