Chromium Iron

Manganese (Mn)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaManganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is not found as a free element in nature; it is often found in combination with iron, and in many minerals. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels.

Manganese in the periodic table

Symbol

Atomic number

Group

Period

Block

Element category

Transition Metal

Physical properties

Phase at STP

Solid

Density

7.21 g/cm³

Atomic weight

54.938 u

Melting point

1519 K
1245.85 °C
2274.53 °F

Boiling point

2334 K
2060.85 °C
3741.53 °F

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)

1.55

Electron affinity

-50 kJ/mol

Oxidation states

−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7
(depending on the oxidation state, an acidic, basic, or amphoteric oxide)

Ionization energies

1	717.3 kJ/mol
2	1509 kJ/mol
3	3248 kJ/mol
4	4940 kJ/mol
5	6990 kJ/mol
6	9220 kJ/mol
7	11500 kJ/mol
8	18770 kJ/mol
9	21400 kJ/mol
10	23960 kJ/mol
11	27590 kJ/mol
12	30330 kJ/mol
13	33150 kJ/mol
14	38880 kJ/mol
15	41987 kJ/mol
16	109480 kJ/mol
17	118100 kJ/mol
18	127100 kJ/mol
19	138600 kJ/mol
20	148500 kJ/mol
21	158600 kJ/mol
22	172500 kJ/mol
23	181380 kJ/mol
24	785450 kJ/mol
25	827067 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

Elektronkonfiguration (shorthand)

[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²

Electron configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d⁵ 4s²

Electrons per shell

2, 8, 13, 2

History

Discovered

1774

Discovered by

Carl Wilhelm Scheele