7
N
14.0064
Nitrogen
Nonmetal
Group 15
Period 2
Block p
Gas
Nitrogen is a chemical element of the periodic table with chemical symbol N and atomic number 7 with an atomic weight of 14.0064 u and is classed as nonmetal and is part of group 15 (nitrogen group). Nitrogen is gas at room temperature.
Nitrogen in the periodic table
| Symbol | N |
| Atomic number | 7 |
| Group | 15 (Nitrogen group) |
| Period | 2 |
| Block | p |
| Classification | Nonmetal |
| Appearance | Colorless gas, liquid or solid |
| Color | Colorless |
| Number of protons | 7 p+ |
| Number of neutrons | 7 n0 |
| Number of electrons | 7 e- |
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaNitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. It is the lightest pnictogen and at room temperature, it is a transparent, odorless diatomic gas. Nitrogen is a common element in the universe, estimated at about seventh in total abundance in the Milky Way and the Solar System.
Physical properties
| Phase at STP | Gas |
| Density | 1.251 g/cm3 |
| Atomic weight | 14.0064 u |
Thermal properties
| Melting point | 63.15 K -210 °C -346 °F |
| Boiling point | 77.355 K -195.795 °C -320.431 °F |
| Heat of vaporization | 2.7928 kJ/mol |
Atomic properties
| Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) | 3.04 |
| Electron affinity | -6.8 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation states | −3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a strongly acidic oxide) |
| Ionization energies |
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Electron configuration for nitrogen
Electron configuration Shorthand configuration | [He] 2s2 2p3 | ||||||||
| Full configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p3 | ||||||||
Electron configuration chart |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 5 | ||||||||
| Valence electrons | 5 | ||||||||
| Valency electrons | 3 | ||||||||
| Bohr model | Figure: Shell diagram of Nitrogen (N) atom. | ||||||||
Orbital Diagram |
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The history of Nitrogen
| Discovery and first isolation | Daniel Rutherford (1772) |
| Named by | Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1790) |
Discovery of nitrogen Nitrogen was first discovered and isolated by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, he discovered nitrogen while studying at the University of Edinburgh. He showed that the air in which animals had breathed, even after removal of the exhaled carbon dioxide, was no longer able to burn a candle. Although Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Henry Cavendish had independently done so at about the same time, Rutherford is generally accorded the credit because his work was published first. The name nitrogène was suggested by French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal in 1790 when it was found that nitrogen was present in nitric acid and nitrates. | |
| Original word | nitron + genes |
| Language of origin | Greek |
| Name source | Properties |
| Meaning | “Nitre-forming” |
Naming The name is derived from the Latin nitrum and the Greek nitron for "native soda" and genes for "forming". | |