Nitrogen (N)

Nitrogen is a chemical element of the periodic table with chemical symbol N and atomic number 7 with an atomic weight of 14.0064 u and is classed as nonmetal and is part of group 15 (nitrogen group). Nitrogen is gas at room temperature.

Carbon Periodic table Oxygen

Nitrogen in the periodic table

Symbol	N
Atomic number	7
Group	15 (Nitrogen group)
Period	2
Block	p
Classification	Nonmetal

Appearance	Colorless gas, liquid or solid
Color	Colorless

Number of protons	7 p⁺
Number of neutrons	7 n⁰
Number of electrons	7 e^-

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaNitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. It is the lightest pnictogen and at room temperature, it is a transparent, odorless diatomic gas. Nitrogen is a common element in the universe, estimated at about seventh in total abundance in the Milky Way and the Solar System.

Physical properties

Phase at STP	Gas
Density	1.251 g/cm³
Atomic weight	14.0064 u

Thermal properties

Melting point	63.15 K -210 °C -346 °F
Boiling point	77.355 K -195.795 °C -320.431 °F
Heat of vaporization	2.7928 kJ/mol

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)	3.04
Electron affinity	-6.8 kJ/mol
Oxidation states	−3, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a strongly acidic oxide)
Ionization energies	1402.3 kJ/mol 2856 kJ/mol 4578.1 kJ/mol 7475 kJ/mol 9444.9 kJ/mol 53266.6 kJ/mol 64360 kJ/mol

Electron configuration for nitrogen

Electron configuration

Shorthand configuration

[He] 2s² 2p³

Electron configuration

Full configuration

1s² 2s² 2p³

Electron configuration chart

1s²
2s²	2p³

Electrons per shell

2, 5

Valence electrons

5

Valency electrons

3

Bohr model

Figure: Shell diagram of Nitrogen (N) atom.

Orbital Diagram

1s
2s		2p

The history of Nitrogen

Discovery and first isolation	Daniel Rutherford (1772)
Named by	Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1790)
Discovery of nitrogen Nitrogen was first discovered and isolated by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, he discovered nitrogen while studying at the University of Edinburgh. He showed that the air in which animals had breathed, even after removal of the exhaled carbon dioxide, was no longer able to burn a candle. Although Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Henry Cavendish had independently done so at about the same time, Rutherford is generally accorded the credit because his work was published first. The name nitrogène was suggested by French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal in 1790 when it was found that nitrogen was present in nitric acid and nitrates.

Periodic table history

Identifiers

List of unique identifiers for Nitrogen in various chemical registry databases

CAS Number	7727-37-9
ChemSpider ID	20473555
EC number	231-783-9
PubChem CID Number	947