66
Dy
162.5
Dysprosium
Lanthanide
Period 6
Block f
Dysprosium is a chemical element of the periodic table with chemical symbol Dy and atomic number 66 with an atomic weight of 162.5 u and is classed as lanthanide. Dysprosium is solid at room temperature.
Dysprosium in the periodic table
| Symbol | Dy |
| Atomic number | 66 |
| Group | - |
| Period | 6 |
| Block | f |
| Classification | Lanthanide |
| Appearance | Silvery white |
| Color | Silver |
| Number of protons | 66 p+ |
| Number of neutrons | 97 n0 |
| Number of electrons | 66 e- |
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaDysprosium is a chemical element with the symbol Dy and atomic number 66. It is a rare earth element with a metallic silver luster. Dysprosium is never found in nature as a free element, though it is found in various minerals, such as xenotime.
Physical properties
| Phase at STP | Solid |
| Density | 8.54 g/cm3 |
| Atomic weight | 162.5 u |
Thermal properties
| Melting point | 1680 K 1406.85 °C 2564.33 °F |
| Boiling point | 2840 K 2566.85 °C 4652.33 °F |
| Heat of vaporization | 230 kJ/mol |
Atomic properties
| Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) | 1.22 |
| Electron affinity | 33.96 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation states | 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (a weakly basic oxide) |
| Ionization energies |
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Electron configuration for dysprosium
Electron configuration Shorthand configuration | [Xe] 4f10 6s2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f10 5s2 5p6 6s2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electron configuration chart |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 28, 8, 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outer shell electrons | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Valency electrons | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bohr model | Figure: Shell diagram of Dysprosium (Dy) atom. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Orbital Diagram
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The history of Dysprosium
| Discovery | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886) |
| First isolation | Georges Urbain (1906) |
| Named by | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886) |
Discovery of dysprosium In 1878, erbium ores were found to contain the oxides of holmium and thulium. French chemist Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, while working with holmium oxide, separated dysprosium oxide from it in Paris in 1886. His procedure for isolating the dysprosium involved dissolving dysprosium oxide in acid, then adding ammonia to precipitate the hydroxide. He was only able to isolate dysprosium from its oxide after more than 30 attempts at his procedure. On succeeding, he named the element dysprosium from the Greek dysprositos (δυσπρόσιτος), meaning "hard to get". The element was not isolated in relatively pure form until after the development of ion exchange techniques by Frank Spedding at Iowa State University in the early 1950s. | |
| Original word | dysprositos |
| Language of origin | Greek |
| Name source | Properties |
| Meaning | “Hard to obtain” |
Naming The name is derived from the Greek word 'dysprositos', which means 'hard to get at'. | |