Oxygen Neon

Fluorine (F)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaFluorine is a chemical element with symbol F and atomic number 9. It is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions. As the most electronegative element, it is extremely reactive:almost all other elements, including some noble gases, form compounds with fluorine.

Fluorine in the periodic table

Symbol

Atomic number

Group

Period

Block

Element category

Nonmetal

Physical properties

Phase at STP

Gas

Density

1.696 g/cm³

Atomic weight

18.9984 u

Melting point

53.48 K
-219.67 °C
-363.406 °F

Boiling point

85.03 K
-188.12 °C
-306.616 °F

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)

3.98

Electron affinity

328.165 kJ/mol

Oxidation states

−1, 0
(oxidizes oxygen)

Ionization energies

1	1681 kJ/mol
2	3374.2 kJ/mol
3	6050.4 kJ/mol
4	8407.7 kJ/mol
5	11022.7 kJ/mol
6	15164.1 kJ/mol
7	17868 kJ/mol
8	92038.1 kJ/mol
9	106434.3 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

Elektronkonfiguration (shorthand)

[He] 2s² 2p⁵

Electron configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁵

Electrons per shell

2, 7

History

Discovered

1810

Discovered by

André-Marie Ampère

Named by

Humphry Davy