104
Rf
261
Rutherfordium
Transition Metal
Group 4
Period 7
Block d
Rutherfordium is a chemical element of the periodic table with chemical symbol Rf and atomic number 104 with an atomic weight of 261 u and is classed as transition metal and is part of group 4 (titanium group). Rutherfordium is solid at room temperature.
Rutherfordium in the periodic table
| Symbol | Rf |
| Atomic number | 104 |
| Group | 4 (Titanium group) |
| Period | 7 |
| Block | d |
| Classification | Transition Metal |
| Appearance | - |
| Color | - |
| Number of protons | 104 p+ |
| Number of neutrons | 157 n0 |
| Number of electrons | 104 e- |
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaRutherfordium is a chemical element with symbol Rf and atomic number 104, named in honor of physicist Ernest Rutherford. It is a synthetic element (an element that can be created in a laboratory but is not found in nature) and radioactive; the most stable known isotope, 267Rf, has a half-life of approximately 1.3 hours. In the periodic table of the elements, it is a d - block element and the second of the fourth - row transition elements.
Physical properties
| Phase at STP | Solid |
| Density | 23.2 g/cm3 |
| Atomic weight | 261 u |
Thermal properties
| Melting point | 2400 K 2126.85 °C 3860.33 °F |
| Boiling point | 5800 K 5526.85 °C 9980.33 °F |
| Heat of vaporization | - |
Atomic properties
| Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) | - |
| Electron affinity | - |
| Oxidation states | (+2), (+3), +4 () |
| Ionization energies |
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Electron configuration for rutherfordium
Electron configuration Shorthand configuration | [Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 5f14 6s2 6p6 6d2 7s2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electron configuration chart |
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| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 10, 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outer shell electrons | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Valence electrons (incl. d) | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Valency electrons | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bohr model | Figure: Shell diagram of Rutherfordium (Rf) atom. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Orbital Diagram
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The history of Rutherfordium
| Discovery | Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1969) |
Discovery of rutherfordium Rutherfordium was at the centre of the Transfermium Wars, a naming dispute between American and Soviet laboratories. Both Berkeley (1969) and JINR Dubna (1966) claimed first synthesis. IUPAC finally credited both teams in 1997 and adopted the name proposed by Berkeley, honouring Ernest Rutherford, the New Zealand-born father of nuclear physics. | |
| Original word | Rutherford |
| Language of origin | English |
| Name source | Person |
| Meaning | “Ernest Rutherford” |
Naming The element is named in honour of Ernest Rutherford, the New Zealand-born father of nuclear physics. | |