From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaGold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from Latin:aurum) and atomic number 79. In its purest form, it is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element. | |||||
Gold in the periodic table | |||||
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Symbol | Au | ||||
Atomic number | 79 | ||||
Group | 11 | ||||
Period | 6 | ||||
Block | d | ||||
Element category | Transition Metal | ||||
Physical properties | |||||
Phase at STP | Solid | ||||
Density | 19.3 g/cm3 | ||||
Atomic weight | 196.967 u | ||||
Melting point | 1337.33 K 1064.18 °C 1947.524 °F | ||||
Boiling point | 3243 K 2969.85 °C 5377.73 °F | ||||
Atomic properties | |||||
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) | 2.54 | ||||
Electron affinity | 222.747 kJ/mol | ||||
Oxidation states | −3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +5 (an amphoteric oxide) | ||||
Ionization energies |
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Electron configuration | |||||
Elektronkonfiguration (shorthand) | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1 | ||||
Electron configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s1 | ||||
Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1 | ||||
History | |||||
Discovered | -6000 | ||||
Discovered by | Levant |