Platinum Mercury

Gold (Au)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaGold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from Latin:aurum) and atomic number 79. In its purest form, it is a bright, slightly reddish yellow, dense, soft, malleable and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element.

Gold in the periodic table

Symbol

Atomic number

Group

Period

Block

Element category

Transition Metal

Physical properties

Phase at STP

Solid

Density

19.3 g/cm³

Atomic weight

196.967 u

Melting point

1337.33 K
1064.18 °C
1947.524 °F

Boiling point

3243 K
2969.85 °C
5377.73 °F

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)

2.54

Electron affinity

222.747 kJ/mol

Oxidation states

−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +5
(an amphoteric oxide)

Ionization energies

1	890.1 kJ/mol
2	1980 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

Elektronkonfiguration (shorthand)

[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹

Electron configuration

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f¹⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d¹⁰ 6s¹

Electrons per shell

2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1

History

Discovered

-6000

Discovered by

Levant