Europium

Symbol	Eu
Atomic number	63
Group	-
Period	6
Block	f
Classification	Lanthanide

Appearance	-
Color	Silver

Number of protons	63 p+
Number of neutrons	89 n0
Number of electrons	63 e-

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaEuropium is a chemical element with symbol Eu and atomic number 63. It was isolated in 1901 and is named after the continent of Europe. It is a moderately hard, silvery metal which readily oxidizes in air and water.

Phase at STP	Solid
Density	5.264 g/cm3
Atomic weight	151.964 u

Melting point	1099 K 825.85 °C 1518.53 °F
Boiling point	1802 K 1528.85 °C 2783.93 °F
Heat of vaporization	175.73 kJ/mol

Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)	1.2
Electron affinity	11.2 kJ/mol
Oxidation states	0, +2, +3 (a mildly basic oxide)
Ionization energies	547.1 kJ/mol 1085 kJ/mol 2404 kJ/mol 4120 kJ/mol

Electron configuration Shorthand configuration	[Xe] 4f7 6s2
Electron configuration Full configuration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f7 5s2 5p6 6s2
Electron configuration chart	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f7 5s2 5p6 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2
Outer shell electrons	2
Valency electrons	3
Bohr model	Figure: Shell diagram of Europium (Eu) atom.
Orbital Diagram 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 6s

Discovery	Eugène-Anatole Demarçay (1896)
First isolation	Eugène-Anatole Demarçay (1901)
Discovery of europium Although europium is present in most of the minerals containing the other rare elements, due to the difficulties in separating the elements it was not until the late 1800s that the element was isolated. William Crookes observed the phosphorescent spectra of the rare elements including those eventually assigned to europium. Europium was first found in 1892 by Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, who obtained basic fractions from samarium-gadolinium concentrates which had spectral lines not accounted for by samarium or gadolinium. However, the discovery of europium is generally credited to French chemist Eugène-Anatole Demarçay, who suspected samples of the recently discovered element samarium were contaminated with an unknown element in 1896 and who was able to isolate it in 1901; he then named it europium.

Original word	Europe
Language of origin	Greek
Name source	Place
Meaning	“Europe”
Naming The name is derived from Europe, the continent, chosen as a counterpart to americium which had been named after the Americas.

CAS Number	7440-53-1
ChemSpider ID	22417
EC number	231-161-7
PubChem CID Number	23981