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Compare Lead vs Silicon

Comparing Lead (Pb) and Silicon (Si). Atomic numbers 82 and 14 with atomic masses 207.21 u and 28.084 u, classified as post-transition metal and metalloid. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
Pb
Lead
#82
Si
Silicon
#14

Periodic properties of the elements

LeadSilicon
SymbolPbSi
Atomic number8214
Group1414
Period63
Blockpp
Element categoryPost-Transition MetalMetalloid

Physical properties

LeadSilicon
Phase at STPSolidSolid
Density11.34 g/cm32.329 g/cm3
Atomic weight207.21 u28.084 u
Melting point600.61 K
327.46 °C
621.428 °F		1687 K
1413.85 °C
2576.93 °F
Boiling point2022 K
1748.85 °C
3179.93 °F		3538 K
3264.85 °C
5908.73 °F

Atomic properties

LeadSilicon
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)1.871.9
Electron affinity34.4204 kJ/mol134.068 kJ/mol
Oxidation states−4, −2, −1, +1, +2, +3, +4
(an amphoteric oxide)		−4, −3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4
(an amphoteric oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 715.6 kJ/mol
  2. 1450.5 kJ/mol
  3. 3081.5 kJ/mol
  4. 4083 kJ/mol
  5. 6640 kJ/mol
  1. 786.5 kJ/mol
  2. 1577.1 kJ/mol
  3. 3231.6 kJ/mol
  4. 4355.5 kJ/mol
  5. 16091 kJ/mol
  6. 19805 kJ/mol
  7. 23780 kJ/mol
  8. 29287 kJ/mol
  9. 33878 kJ/mol
  10. 38726 kJ/mol
  11. 45962 kJ/mol
  12. 50502 kJ/mol
  13. 235196 kJ/mol
  14. 257923 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

LeadSilicon
Shorthand configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2 [Ne] 3s2 3p2
Full configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 42, 8, 4

History

LeadSilicon
PredictionAntoine Lavoisier (1787)
DiscoveryAncient Near East (7000 BC)Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1823)
First isolationJöns Jacob Berzelius (1823)
Named byThomas Thomson (1817)
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