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Compare Silicon vs Sulfur

Comparing Silicon (Si) and Sulfur (S). Atomic numbers 14 and 16 with atomic masses 28.084 u and 32.059 u, classified as metalloid and nonmetal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
Si
Silicon
#14
S
Sulfur
#16

Periodic properties of the elements

SiliconSulfur
SymbolSiS
Atomic number1416
Group1416
Period33
Blockpp
Element categoryMetalloidNonmetal

Physical properties

SiliconSulfur
Phase at STPSolidSolid
Density2.329 g/cm32.07 g/cm3
Atomic weight28.084 u32.059 u
Melting point1687 K
1413.85 °C
2576.93 °F		388.36 K
115.21 °C
239.378 °F
Boiling point3538 K
3264.85 °C
5908.73 °F		717.8 K
444.65 °C
832.37 °F

Atomic properties

SiliconSulfur
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)1.92.58
Electron affinity134.068 kJ/mol200.41 kJ/mol
Oxidation states−4, −3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4
(an amphoteric oxide)		−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6
(a strongly acidic oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 786.5 kJ/mol
  2. 1577.1 kJ/mol
  3. 3231.6 kJ/mol
  4. 4355.5 kJ/mol
  5. 16091 kJ/mol
  6. 19805 kJ/mol
  7. 23780 kJ/mol
  8. 29287 kJ/mol
  9. 33878 kJ/mol
  10. 38726 kJ/mol
  11. 45962 kJ/mol
  12. 50502 kJ/mol
  13. 235196 kJ/mol
  14. 257923 kJ/mol
  1. 999.6 kJ/mol
  2. 2252 kJ/mol
  3. 3357 kJ/mol
  4. 4556 kJ/mol
  5. 7004.3 kJ/mol
  6. 8495.8 kJ/mol
  7. 27107 kJ/mol
  8. 31719 kJ/mol
  9. 36621 kJ/mol
  10. 43177 kJ/mol
  11. 48710 kJ/mol
  12. 54460 kJ/mol
  13. 62930 kJ/mol
  14. 68216 kJ/mol
  15. 311048 kJ/mol
  16. 337138 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

SiliconSulfur
Shorthand configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p2 [Ne] 3s2 3p4
Full configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
Electrons per shell2, 8, 42, 8, 6

History

SiliconSulfur
PredictionAntoine Lavoisier (1787)
DiscoveryJöns Jacob Berzelius (1823)Middle East (2000 BC)
First isolationJöns Jacob Berzelius (1823)
Named byThomas Thomson (1817)
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