Mangan

Symbol	Mn
Atomnummer	25
Gruppe	7 (Mangangruppe)
Periode	4
Blok	d
Klassifikation	Overgangsmetal

Udseende	Silvery metallic
Farve	Sølv

Antal protoner	25 p+
Antal neutroner	30 n0
Antal elektroner	25 e-

Fra Wikipedia, den gratis encyklopædiMangan (af fransk: manganèse, "sort magnesia") er det 25. grundstof i det periodiske system og har det kemiske symbol Mn: Under normale temperatur- og trykforhold optræder dette overgangsmetal som et temmelig hårdt metal, der minder om jern, men er langt mere "sprødt" og skrøbeligt. Mangan reagerer ikke med atmosfærisk luft, fordi overfladen danner et oxidlag, der hindrer luftens adgang til metallet inde under. Det reagerer langsomt med vand, men opløses let i syrer.

Fase ved STP	Fast
Massefylde	7.21 g/cm3
Atommasse	54.938 u

Smeltepunkt	1519 K 1245.85 °C 2274.53 °F
Kogepunkt	2334 K 2060.85 °C 3741.53 °F
Fordampningsvarme	219.74 kJ/mol

Elektronegativitet (Pauling Scale)	1.55
Elektronaffinitet	-50 kJ/mol
Oxidationstrin	−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (depending on the oxidation state, an acidic, basic, or amphoteric oxide)
Ioniseringsenergier	717.3 kJ/mol 1509 kJ/mol 3248 kJ/mol 4940 kJ/mol 6990 kJ/mol 9220 kJ/mol 11500 kJ/mol 18770 kJ/mol 21400 kJ/mol 23960 kJ/mol 27590 kJ/mol 30330 kJ/mol 33150 kJ/mol 38880 kJ/mol 41987 kJ/mol 109480 kJ/mol 118100 kJ/mol 127100 kJ/mol 138600 kJ/mol 148500 kJ/mol 158600 kJ/mol 172500 kJ/mol 181380 kJ/mol 785450 kJ/mol 827067 kJ/mol

Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattet konfiguration	[Ar] 3d5 4s2
Elektronkonfiguration Fuld konfiguration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2
Elektroner pr. Skal	2, 8, 13, 2
Outer shell electrons	2
Valence electrons (incl. d)	7
Valency-elektroner	2,4,7
Bohrs atommodel	Figur: Skaldiagram af Mangan (Mn) atom.
Orbital diagram	1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s

Opdaget	Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1774)
Første isolation	Johann Gottlieb Gahn (1774)
Opdagelse af mangan Manganese compounds were used by Egyptian and Roman glassmakers, either to add to, or remove, color from glass. Use as "glassmakers soap" continued through the Middle Ages until modern times and is evident in 14th-century glass from Venice. Because it was used in glassmaking, manganese dioxide was available for experiments by alchemists, the first chemists. Ignatius Gottfried Kaim (1770) and Johann Glauber (17th century) discovered that manganese dioxide could be converted to permanganate, a useful laboratory reagent. By the mid-18th century, the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele used manganese dioxide to produce chlorine. By the mid-18th century, Carl Wilhelm Scheele used pyrolusite to produce chlorine. Scheele and others were aware that pyrolusite (now known to be manganese dioxide) contained a new element. Johan Gottlieb Gahn was the first to isolate an impure sample of manganese metal in 1774, which he did by reducing the dioxide with carbon.

Original word	magnes
Language of origin	Latin
Name source	Egenskaber
Meaning	“Magnet”
Naming The name either derives from the Latin word 'magnes', meaning magnet, or from ‘magnesia nigra’ indicating the black magnesium oxide in Latin.

CAS Number	7439-96-5
ChemSpider ID	22372
EC number	231-105-1
PubChem CID Number	23930