Natrium

Tecken	Na
Atomnummer	11
Grupp	1 (Alkalimetaller)
Period	3
Block	s
Ämnesklass	Alkalimetall

Utseende	Silvery white metallic
Färg	Silver

Antal protoner	11 p+
Antal neutroner	12 n0
Antal elektroner	11 e-

Från Wikipedia, den fria encyklopedinNatrium (latinskt namn natrium) är ett mjukt, metalliskt grundämne. Natrium tillhör gruppen alkalimetaller och är ganska vanligt i jordskorpan. Natriummetall är ytterst reaktivt och föreligger därför alltid i form av salter. Natriumjonen, Na+ är den vanligaste katjonen i havsvatten och har viktiga biologiska roller. Växter klarar sig dock i allmänhet utan natrium.

Fas vid STP	Fast
Densitet	0.968 g/cm3
Relativ atommassa	22.9898 u

Smältpunkt	370.944 K 97.794 °C 208.0292 °F
Kokpunkt	1156.09 K 882.94 °C 1621.292 °F
Ångbildningsvärme	98.01 kJ/mol

Elektronegativitet (Paulingskalan)	0.93
Elektronaffinitet	52.867 kJ/mol
Oxidationstal	−1, +1 (a strongly basic oxide)
Jonisationspotential	495.8 kJ/mol 4562 kJ/mol 6910.3 kJ/mol 9543 kJ/mol 13354 kJ/mol 16613 kJ/mol 20117 kJ/mol 25496 kJ/mol 28932 kJ/mol 141362 kJ/mol 159076 kJ/mol

Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattad konfiguration	[Ne] 3s1
Elektronkonfiguration Full konfiguration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Elektroner per skal	2, 8, 1
Valenselektroner	1
Valency-elektroner	1
Bohrs atommodell	Figur: Skaldiagram över Natrium (Na) atom.
Orbitaldiagram	1s 2s 2p 3s

Upptäckt och första isolation

Humphry Davy (1807)

Upptäckten av natrium In medieval Europe, a compound of sodium with the Latin name of sodanum was used as a headache remedy. The name sodium is thought to originate from the Arabic suda, meaning headache, as the headache-alleviating properties of sodium carbonate or soda were well known in early times. Although sodium, sometimes called soda, had long been recognized in compounds, the metal itself was not isolated until 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy through the electrolysis of sodium hydroxide. In 1809, the German physicist and chemist Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert proposed the names Natronium for Humphry Davy's "sodium" and Kalium for Davy's "potassium". The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published in 1814 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols, and is an abbreviation of the element's New Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt mainly consisting of hydrated sodium carbonate.

Original word	soda
Language of origin	English
Name source	Egenskaper
Meaning	“Soda”
Symbol origin	Symbol Na is from the Modern Latin noun natrium, derived from Greek νίτρον (nítron), 'natural soda, a kind of salt'.
Naming The name is derived from the English word soda and Medieval Latin word sodanum for "headache remedy".

CAS Number	7440-23-5
ChemSpider ID	4514534
EC number	231-132-9
PubChem CID Number	5360545