Brom

Symbol	Br
Atomnummer	35
Gruppe	17 (Halogener)
Periode	4
Blok	p
Klassifikation	Ikkemetal

Udseende	-
Farve	Rød

Antal protoner	35 p+
Antal neutroner	45 n0
Antal elektroner	35 e-

Fra Wikipedia, den gratis encyklopædiBrom (græsk: bromos, dansk: ~ stank betydende "stærkt lugtende") er et grundstof med symbolet Br med atomnummeret 35. Det er et halogen. Grundstoffet blev isoleret første gang af de to kemikere Carl Jacob Löwig og Antoine Jerome Balard i 1825–1826. Brom er en dampende rødbrun væske ved stuetemperatur, korrosivt og giftig, med egenskaber mellem chlor og iod. Frit brom findes ikke naturligt, men findes som farveløse opløselige krystallinske halidmineralske salte. Brom er mere sjældent end tre-fjerdedele af grundstofferne i Jordens overflade.

Fase ved STP	Væske
Massefylde	3.1028 g/cm3
Atommasse	79.901 u

Smeltepunkt	265.8 K -7.35 °C 18.77 °F
Kogepunkt	332 K 58.85 °C 137.93 °F
Fordampningsvarme	14.725 kJ/mol

Elektronegativitet (Pauling Scale)	2.96
Elektronaffinitet	324.537 kJ/mol
Oxidationstrin	−1, +1, +3, +4, +5, +7 (a strongly acidic oxide)
Ioniseringsenergier	1139.9 kJ/mol 2103 kJ/mol 3470 kJ/mol 4560 kJ/mol 5760 kJ/mol 8550 kJ/mol 9940 kJ/mol 18600 kJ/mol

Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattet konfiguration	[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Elektronkonfiguration Fuld konfiguration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p5
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p5
Elektroner pr. Skal	2, 8, 18, 7
Valenselektroner	7
Valency-elektroner	1,3,5
Bohrs atommodel	Figur: Skaldiagram af Brom (Br) atom.
Orbital diagram	1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p

Opdagelse og første isolation

Antoine Jérôme Balard, Carl Jacob Löwig (1825)

Opdagelse af brom Bromine was discovered independently by two chemists, Carl Jacob Löwig and Antoine Balard, in 1825 and 1826, respectively. Löwig isolated bromine from a mineral water spring from his hometown Bad Kreuznach in 1825. Löwig used a solution of the mineral salt saturated with chlorine and extracted the bromine with diethyl ether. The publication of the results was delayed and Balard published his results first. Balard found bromine chemicals in the ash of seaweed from the salt marshes of Montpellier. The seaweed was used to produce iodine, but also contained bromine. Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine. The properties of the resulting substance were intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine; thus he tried to prove that the substance was iodine monochloride (ICl), but after failing to do so he was sure that he had found a new element and named it muride, derived from the Latin word muria ("brine").

Original word	bromos
Language of origin	Greek
Name source	Egenskaber
Meaning	“Stench”
Naming The name comes from the Ancient Greek 'bromos' (βρῶμος) meaning stench, referring to its sharp and pungent smell.

CAS Number	7726-95-6
ChemSpider ID	4514586
EC number	231-778-1
PubChem CID Number	24408