Fosfor

Tecken	P
Atomnummer	15
Grupp	15 (Kvävegruppen)
Period	3
Block	p
Ämnesklass	Icke-metall

Utseende	Colourless, waxy white, yellow, scarlet, red, violet, black
Färg	Färglös

Antal protoner	15 p+
Antal neutroner	16 n0
Antal elektroner	15 e-

Från Wikipedia, den fria encyklopedinFosfor (från det grekiska ordet φωσφόρος, phoosforos, "ljusbärare") (latinskt namn: Phosphorus) (P) är ett icke-metalliskt grundämne tillhörande kvävegruppen. Fosfor ingår i kemiskt bunden form i RNA och DNA, och är nödvändig för alla levande celler. Fosfor kan inte hittas i fri form i naturen, på grund av hög kemisk reaktionsförmåga.

Fas vid STP	Fast
Densitet	1.823 g/cm3
Relativ atommassa	30.9738 u

Smältpunkt	-
Kokpunkt	-
Ångbildningsvärme	12.4 kJ/mol

Elektronegativitet (Paulingskalan)	2.19
Elektronaffinitet	72.037 kJ/mol
Oxidationstal	−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a mildly acidic oxide)
Jonisationspotential	1011.8 kJ/mol 1907 kJ/mol 2914.1 kJ/mol 4963.6 kJ/mol 6273.9 kJ/mol 21267 kJ/mol 25431 kJ/mol 29872 kJ/mol 35905 kJ/mol 40950 kJ/mol 46261 kJ/mol 54110 kJ/mol 59024 kJ/mol 271791 kJ/mol 296195 kJ/mol

Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattad konfiguration	[Ne] 3s2 3p3
Elektronkonfiguration Full konfiguration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
Elektroner per skal	2, 8, 5
Valenselektroner	5
Valency-elektroner	3,5
Bohrs atommodell	Figur: Skaldiagram över Fosfor (P) atom.
Orbitaldiagram	1s 2s 2p 3s 3p

Upptäckt och första isolation	Hennig Brand (1669)
Recognised as an element by	Antoine Lavoisier (1777)
Upptäckten av fosfor The discovery of phosphorus, the first element to be discovered that was not known since ancient times, is credited to the German alchemist Hennig Brand in 1669, although others might have discovered phosphorus around the same time. Brand experimented with urine, which contains considerable quantities of dissolved phosphates from normal metabolism. Working in Hamburg, Brand attempted to create the fabled philosopher's stone through the distillation of some salts by evaporating urine, and in the process produced a white material that glowed in the dark and burned brilliantly. It was named phosphorus mirabilis ("miraculous bearer of light"). Phosphorus was the 13th element to be discovered. Because of its tendency to spontaneously combust when left alone in air, it is sometimes referred to as "the Devil's element".

Original word	phosphoros
Language of origin	Greek
Name source	Egenskaper
Meaning	“Bringer of light”
Naming The name is derived from the Greek word phosphoros, meaning bringer of light because it has the property of glowing in the dark. Phosphorus was the ancient name for the planet Venus.

CAS Number	7723-14-0
ChemSpider ID	4575369
EC number	231-768-7
PubChem CID Number	5462309