Symbol | Y |
Atomnummer | 39 |
Gruppe | 3 (Scandiumgruppe) |
Periode | 5 |
Blok | d |
Klassifikation | Overgangsmetal |
Udseende | Silvery white |
Farve | Sølv |
Antal protoner | 39 p+ |
Antal neutroner | 50 n0 |
Antal elektroner | 39 e- |
Fase ved STP | Fast |
Massefylde | 4.472 g/cm3 |
Atommasse | 88.9058 u |
Smeltepunkt | 1799 K 1525.85 °C 2778.53 °F |
Kogepunkt | 3203 K 2929.85 °C 5305.73 °F |
Fordampningsvarme | 363.3 kJ/mol |
Elektronegativitet (Pauling Scale) | 1.22 |
Elektronaffinitet | 29.6 kJ/mol |
Oxidationstrin | 0, +1, +2, +3 (a weakly basic oxide) |
Ioniseringsenergier |
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Opdaget | Johan Gadolin (1794) |
Første isolation | Friedrich Wöhler (1838) |
Opdagelse af yttrium In 1787, part-time chemist Carl Axel Arrhenius found a heavy black rock in an old quarry near the Swedish village of Ytterby (now part of the Stockholm Archipelago). Thinking it was an unknown mineral containing the newly discovered element tungsten, he named it ytterbite[d] and sent samples to various chemists for analysis. Johan Gadolin at the University of Åbo identified a new oxide (or "earth") in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and published his completed analysis in 1794. Anders Gustaf Ekeberg confirmed the identification in 1797 and named the new oxide yttria. Friedrich Wöhler is credited with first isolating the metal in 1828 by reacting a volatile chloride that he believed to be yttrium chloride with potassium. Until the early 1920s, the chemical symbol Yt was used for the element, after which Y came into common use. |