Kobber

Symbol	Cu
Atomnummer	29
Gruppe	11 (Møntmetallerne)
Periode	4
Blok	d
Klassifikation	Overgangsmetal

Udseende	Red-orange metallic luster
Farve	Kobber

Antal protoner	29 p+
Antal neutroner	35 n0
Antal elektroner	29 e-

Fra Wikipedia, den gratis encyklopædiKobber (latin: cuprum), opkaldt efter Cypern, er det 29. grundstof i det periodiske system, og har det kemiske symbol Cu: I sin rene form optræder dette overgangsmetal som et skinnende metal med en karakteristisk rødlig farve. Kobber har en række fællestræk med sølv og guld, der ligesom kobber står i gruppe 11; for eksempel er alle disse metaller nemme at forarbejde.

Fase ved STP	Fast
Massefylde	8.96 g/cm3
Atommasse	63.5463 u

Smeltepunkt	1357.77 K 1084.62 °C 1984.316 °F
Kogepunkt	2835 K 2561.85 °C 4643.33 °F
Fordampningsvarme	300.5 kJ/mol

Elektronegativitet (Pauling Scale)	1.9
Elektronaffinitet	119.235 kJ/mol
Oxidationstrin	−2, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Ioniseringsenergier	745.5 kJ/mol 1957.9 kJ/mol 3555 kJ/mol 5536 kJ/mol 7700 kJ/mol 9900 kJ/mol 13400 kJ/mol 16000 kJ/mol 19200 kJ/mol 22400 kJ/mol 25600 kJ/mol 35600 kJ/mol 38700 kJ/mol 42000 kJ/mol 46700 kJ/mol 50200 kJ/mol 53700 kJ/mol 61100 kJ/mol 64702 kJ/mol 163700 kJ/mol 174100 kJ/mol 184900 kJ/mol 198800 kJ/mol 210500 kJ/mol 222700 kJ/mol 239100 kJ/mol 249660 kJ/mol 1067358 kJ/mol 1116105 kJ/mol

Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattet konfiguration	[Ar] 3d10 4s1
Elektronkonfiguration Fuld konfiguration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1
Elektroner pr. Skal	2, 8, 18, 1
Outer shell electrons	1
Valence electrons (incl. d)	1
Valency-elektroner	1,2
Bohrs atommodel	Figur: Skaldiagram af Kobber (Cu) atom.
Orbital diagram	1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s

Opdaget

Middle East (9000 fvt.)

Opdagelse af kobber Copper was probably the first metal mined and crafted by humans. It was originally obtained as a native metal and later from the smelting of ores. Earliest estimates of the discovery of copper suggest around 9000 BC in the Middle East. It was one of the most important materials to humans throughout the Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages. Copper beads dating from 6000 BC have been found in Çatal Höyük, Anatolia and the archaeological site of Belovode on the Rudnik mountain in Serbia contains the world's oldest securely dated evidence of copper smelting from 5000 BC.

Original word	cuprum
Language of origin	Latin
Name source	Sted
Meaning	“From Cyprus”
Land	Cyprus
Symbol origin	Symbol Cu is from the Latin name cuprum ("copper").
Naming The name is derived from the Old English name 'coper' in turn derived from the Latin ‘Cyprium aes’, meaning ‘Cyprus metal’, the island where the Romans first obtained copper.

CAS Number	7440-50-8
ChemSpider ID	22414
EC number	231-159-6
PubChem CID Number	23978