Compare Hydrogen vs Rubidium
Comparing Hydrogen (H) and Rubidium (Rb). Atomic numbers 1 and 37 with atomic masses 1.008 u and 85.468 u, classified as nonmetal and alkali metal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.
Periodic properties of the elements
| Hydrogen | Rubidium | |
|---|---|---|
| Symbol | H | Rb |
| Atomic number | 1 | 37 |
| Group | 1 | 1 |
| Period | 1 | 5 |
| Block | s | s |
| Element category | Nonmetal | Alkali Metal |
Physical properties
| Hydrogen | Rubidium | |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Gas | Solid |
| Density | 0.08988 g/cm3 | 1.532 g/cm3 |
| Atomic weight | 1.0079 u | 85.4678 u |
| Melting point | 13.99 K -259.16 °C -434.488 °F | 312.45 K 39.3 °C 102.74 °F |
| Boiling point | 20.271 K -252.879 °C -423.1822 °F | 961 K 687.85 °C 1270.13 °F |
Atomic properties
| Hydrogen | Rubidium | |
|---|---|---|
| Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) | 2.2 | 0.82 |
| Electron affinity | 72.769 kJ/mol | 46.884 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation states | −1, +1 (an amphoteric oxide) | −1, +1 (a strongly basic oxide) |
| Ionization energies |
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Electron configuration
| Hydrogen | Rubidium | |
|---|---|---|
| Shorthand configuration | 1s1 | [Kr] 5s1 |
| Full configuration | 1s1 | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 5s1 |
| Electrons per shell | 1 | 2, 8, 18, 8, 1 |
History
| Hydrogen | Rubidium | |
|---|---|---|
| Discovery | Henry Cavendish (1766) | Robert Bunsen, Gustav Kirchhoff (1861) |
| First isolation | Henry Cavendish (1766) | Robert Bunsen (1863) |
| Named by | Antoine Lavoisier (1783) |