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Compare Hydrogen vs Sodium

Comparing Hydrogen (H) and Sodium (Na). Atomic numbers 1 and 11 with atomic masses 1.008 u and 22.99 u, classified as nonmetal and alkali metal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
H
Hydrogen
#1
Na
Sodium
#11

Periodic properties of the elements

HydrogenSodium
SymbolHNa
Atomic number111
Group11
Period13
Blockss
Element categoryNonmetalAlkali Metal

Physical properties

HydrogenSodium
Phase at STPGasSolid
Density0.08988 g/cm30.968 g/cm3
Atomic weight1.0079 u22.9898 u
Melting point13.99 K
-259.16 °C
-434.488 °F		370.944 K
97.794 °C
208.0292 °F
Boiling point20.271 K
-252.879 °C
-423.1822 °F		1156.09 K
882.94 °C
1621.292 °F

Atomic properties

HydrogenSodium
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)2.20.93
Electron affinity72.769 kJ/mol52.867 kJ/mol
Oxidation states−1, +1
(an amphoteric oxide)		−1, +1
(a strongly basic oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 1312 kJ/mol
  1. 495.8 kJ/mol
  2. 4562 kJ/mol
  3. 6910.3 kJ/mol
  4. 9543 kJ/mol
  5. 13354 kJ/mol
  6. 16613 kJ/mol
  7. 20117 kJ/mol
  8. 25496 kJ/mol
  9. 28932 kJ/mol
  10. 141362 kJ/mol
  11. 159076 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

HydrogenSodium
Shorthand configuration1s1 [Ne] 3s1
Full configuration1s1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Electrons per shell12, 8, 1

History

HydrogenSodium
DiscoveryHenry Cavendish (1766)Humphry Davy (1807)
First isolationHenry Cavendish (1766)Humphry Davy (1807)
Named byAntoine Lavoisier (1783)
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