62
Sm
150.362
Samarium
Engelska: Samarium
Lantanoid
Period 6
Block f
Samarium är ett kemiskt grundämne i det periodiska systemet med kemisk beteckningen Sm och atomnummer 62 med en atomvikt på 150.362 u och klassas som lantanoid. Samarium är fast vid rumstemperatur.
Samarium i det periodiska systemet
| Tecken | Sm |
| Atomnummer | 62 |
| Grupp | - |
| Period | 6 |
| Block | f |
| Ämnesklass | Lantanoid |
| Utseende | Silvery white |
| Färg | Silver |
| Antal protoner | 62 p+ |
| Antal neutroner | 88 n0 |
| Antal elektroner | 62 e- |
Från Wikipedia, den fria encyklopedinSamarium är ett metalliskt grundämne som tillhör lantanoiderna och de sällsynta jordartsmetallerna.
Fysikaliska egenskaper
| Fas vid STP | Fast |
| Densitet | 7.52 g/cm3 |
| Relativ atommassa | 150.362 u |
Thermal properties
| Smältpunkt | 1345 K 1071.85 °C 1961.33 °F |
| Kokpunkt | 2173 K 1899.85 °C 3451.73 °F |
| Ångbildningsvärme | 191.63 kJ/mol |
Atomära egenskaper
| Elektronegativitet (Paulingskalan) | 1.17 |
| Elektronaffinitet | 15.63 kJ/mol |
| Oxidationstal | 0, +2, +3 (a mildly basic oxide) |
| Jonisationspotential |
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Elektronkonfiguration för samarium
Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattad konfiguration | [Xe] 4f6 6s2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full konfiguration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f6 5s2 5p6 6s2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram |
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| Elektroner per skal | 2, 8, 18, 24, 8, 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outer shell electrons | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Valency-elektroner | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bohrs atommodell | Figur: Skaldiagram över Samarium (Sm) atom. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Orbitaldiagram
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The history of Samarium
| Upptäckt och första isolation | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1879) |
| Namngivare | Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
Upptäckten av samarium Detection of samarium and related elements was announced by several scientists in the second half of the 19th century; however, most sources give priority to French chemist Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran. Boisbaudran isolated samarium oxide and/or hydroxide in Paris in 1879 from the mineral samarskite and identified a new element in it via sharp optical absorption lines. Swiss chemist Marc Delafontaine announced a new element decipium (from Latin: decipiens meaning "deceptive, misleading") in 1878, but later in 1880–1881 demonstrated that it was a mix of several elements, one being identical to Boisbaudran's samarium. Though samarskite was first found in the remote Russian region of Urals, by the late 1870s it had been found in other places, making it available to many researchers. In particular, it was found that the samarium isolated by Boisbaudran was also impure and had a comparable amount of europium. The pure element was produced only in 1901 by Eugène-Anatole Demarçay. Boisbaudran named his element samaria after the mineral samarskite, which in turn honored Vassili Samarsky-Bykhovets (1803–1870). | |
| Original word | Samarskit |
| Language of origin | German |
| Name source | Mineral |
| Meaning | “Samarskite” |
Naming The name is derived from the mineral samarskite, itself named after the Russian mining engineer Vasili Samarsky-Bykhovets in the 19th century. | |