Carbon

Symbol	C
Atomnummer	6
Gruppe	14 ( Kulstof-silicium-gruppe)
Periode	2
Blok	p
Klassifikation	Ikkemetal

Udseende	-
Farve	Sort

Antal protoner	6 p+
Antal neutroner	6 n0
Antal elektroner	6 e-

Fra Wikipedia, den gratis encyklopædiCarbon (fra latin: carbo "kul"), kulstof eller karbon er et grundstof med atomnummer 6 i det periodiske system med symbolet C. I det periodiske system er carbon det første (i række 2) af seks grundstoffer i gruppe 14, som har sammensætningen af deres ydre elektronskal til fælles. Det er ikke-metallisk og tetravalent — hvilket vil sige, at det gør fire elektroner tilgængelige til at danne kovalente kemiske bindinger. Tre isotoper findes naturligt: ¹²C og ¹³C er stabile, mens ¹⁴C er radioaktiv med en halveringstid på omkring 5.730 år. Carbon er et af meget få grundstoffer, der har været kendt siden oldtiden.

Fase ved STP	Fast
Massefylde	1.821 g/cm3
Atommasse	12.0096 u

Smeltepunkt	-
Kogepunkt	-
Fordampningsvarme	715 kJ/mol

Elektronegativitet (Pauling Scale)	2.55
Elektronaffinitet	121.776 kJ/mol
Oxidationstrin	−4, −3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly acidic oxide)
Ioniseringsenergier	1086.5 kJ/mol 2352.6 kJ/mol 4620.5 kJ/mol 6222.7 kJ/mol 37831 kJ/mol 47277 kJ/mol

Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattet konfiguration	[He] 2s2 2p2
Elektronkonfiguration Fuld konfiguration	1s2 2s2 2p2
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram	1s2 2s2 2p2
Elektroner pr. Skal	2, 4
Valenselektroner	4
Valency-elektroner	4
Bohrs atommodel	Figur: Skaldiagram af Carbon (C) atom.
Orbital diagram	1s 2s 2p

Opdaget	Egyptians and Sumerians (3750 fvt.)
Recognized as an element by	Antoine Lavoisier (1789)
Opdagelse af carbon Carbon was discovered in prehistory and was known in the forms of soot and charcoal to the earliest human civilizations. The earliest known use of charcoal was for the reduction of copper, zinc, and tin ores in the manufacture of bronze, by the Egyptians and Sumerians. Diamonds were known probably as early as 2500 BC in China, while carbon in the form of charcoal was made around Roman times by the same chemistry as it is today, by heating wood in a pyramid covered with clay to exclude air. True chemical analyses were made in the 18th century, and in 1789 carbon was listed by Antoine Lavoisier as an element.

Original word	carbo
Language of origin	Latin
Name source	Egenskaber
Meaning	“Charcoal”
Naming The name probably is derived from the Latin carbo, meaning variously “coal”, “charcoal”, “ember”, and its word origin can be traced to ancient times.

CAS Number	7440-44-0
ChemSpider ID	4575370
EC number	231-153-3
PubChem CID Number	5462310