Titan

Symbol	Ti
Atomnummer	22
Gruppe	4 (Titangruppe)
Periode	4
Blok	d
Klassifikation	Overgangsmetal

Udseende	Silvery grey-white metallic
Farve	Sølv

Antal protoner	22 p+
Antal neutroner	26 n0
Antal elektroner	22 e-

Fra Wikipedia, den gratis encyklopædiTitan eller titanium er et grundstof med det kemiske symbol Ti og atomnummer 22. Det er et blankt sølvfarvet overgangsmetal med lav densitet og høj styrke. Titan er modstandsdygtigt overfor korrosion i havvand, kongevand og klor. Titan blev opdaget i Cornwall, Storbritannien af William Gregor i 1791 og blev navngivet af Martin Heinrich Klaproth efter titanerne i græsk mytologi: Grundstoffet optræder i en række forskellige mineraler, særligt rutil og ilmenit, der er findes i større mængder i Jordens skorpe og lithosfære; det findes i stort set alt levende, samt i vand, klipper og jord. Metallet kan udvindes fra malme via Kroll-Hunterprocessen.

Fase ved STP	Fast
Massefylde	4.506 g/cm3
Atommasse	47.8671 u

Smeltepunkt	1941 K 1667.85 °C 3034.13 °F
Kogepunkt	3560 K 3286.85 °C 5948.33 °F
Fordampningsvarme	425.2 kJ/mol

Elektronegativitet (Pauling Scale)	1.54
Elektronaffinitet	7.289 kJ/mol
Oxidationstrin	−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (an amphoteric oxide)
Ioniseringsenergier	658.8 kJ/mol 1309.8 kJ/mol 2652.5 kJ/mol 4174.6 kJ/mol 9581 kJ/mol 11533 kJ/mol 13590 kJ/mol 16440 kJ/mol 18530 kJ/mol 20833 kJ/mol 25575 kJ/mol 28125 kJ/mol 76015 kJ/mol 83280 kJ/mol 90880 kJ/mol 100700 kJ/mol 109100 kJ/mol 117800 kJ/mol 129900 kJ/mol 137530 kJ/mol 602930 kJ/mol 639294 kJ/mol

Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattet konfiguration	[Ar] 3d2 4s2
Elektronkonfiguration Fuld konfiguration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d2 4s2
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d2 4s2
Elektroner pr. Skal	2, 8, 10, 2
Outer shell electrons	2
Valence electrons (incl. d)	4
Valency-elektroner	2,3,4
Bohrs atommodel	Figur: Skaldiagram af Titan (Ti) atom.
Orbital diagram	1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s

Opdaget	William Gregor (1791)
Første isolation	Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1825)
Navngivet af	Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1795)
Opdagelse af titan Titanium was discovered in 1791 by the clergyman and geologist William Gregor as an inclusion of a mineral in Cornwall, Great Britain. Gregor recognized the presence of a new element in ilmenite when he found black sand by a stream and noticed the sand was attracted by a magnet. Analyzing the sand, he determined the presence of two metal oxides: iron oxide (explaining the attraction to the magnet) and 45.25% of a white metallic oxide he could not identify. Realizing that the unidentified oxide contained a metal that did not match any known element, in 1791 Gregor reported his findings in both German and French science journals:Crell's Annalen and Observations et Mémoires sur la Physique. Around the same time, Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein produced a similar substance, but could not identify it. The oxide was independently rediscovered in 1795 by Prussian chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth in rutile from Boinik (the German name of Bajmócska), a village in Hungary (now Bojničky in Slovakia). Klaproth found that it contained a new element and named it for the Titans of Greek mythology. After hearing about Gregor's earlier discovery, he obtained a sample of manaccanite and confirmed that it contained titanium.

Original word	Titanes
Language of origin	Greek
Name source	Mytologi
Meaning	“Titans”
Naming The name comes from Greek word Titans, the mythological "first sons of the Earth".

CAS Number	7440-32-6
ChemSpider ID	22402
EC number	231-142-3
PubChem CID Number	23963