Símbolo | Yb |
Número atómico | 70 |
Grupo | - |
Período | 6 |
Bloque | f |
Clasificación | Lantánidos |
Apariencia | - |
Color | Plata |
Número de protones | 70 p+ |
Número de neutrones | 103 n0 |
Número de electrones | 70 e- |
Fase en STP | Sólido |
Densidad | 6.9 g/cm3 |
Peso atómico | 173.045 u |
Punto de fusión | 1097 K 823.85 °C 1514.93 °F |
Punto de ebullición | 1469 K 1195.85 °C 2184.53 °F |
Entalpía de vaporización | 128 kJ/mol |
Electronegatividad (Escala de Pauling) | 1.1 |
Afinidad electrónica | -1.93 kJ/mol |
Estado de oxidación | 0, +1, +2, +3 (a basic oxide) |
Energía de ionización |
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Descubrimiento | Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1878) |
Primer aislamiento | Carl Auer von Welsbach (1906) |
Descubrimiento de iterbio In 1878, the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac separated from the rare earth "erbia" another independent component, which he called "ytterbia", for Ytterby, the village in Sweden near where he found the new component of erbium. He suspected that ytterbia was a compound of a new element that he called "ytterbium" (in total, four elements were named after the village, the others being yttrium, terbium, and erbium). In 1907, the new earth "lutecia" was separated from ytterbia, from which the element "lutecium" (now lutetium) was extracted by Georges Urbain, Carl Auer von Welsbach, and Charles James. After some discussion, Marignac's name "ytterbium" was retained. A relatively pure sample of the metal was not obtained until 1953. At present, ytterbium is mainly used as a dopant of stainless steel or active laser media, and less often as a gamma ray source. |