Aluminium

Symbol	Al
Atomnummer	13
Gruppe	13 (Borgruppe)
Periode	3
Blok	p
Klassifikation	Andre metaller

Udseende	Silvery gray metallic
Farve	Sølv

Antal protoner	13 p+
Antal neutroner	14 n0
Antal elektroner	13 e-

Fra Wikipedia, den gratis encyklopædiAluminium er et grundstof med atomnummer 13 i det periodiske system. Symbol Al. Det er et let, hvidt metal, og netop dets lethed er grunden til dets udbredte anvendelse bland andet i legeringer. Aluminium danner Al⁺⁺⁺ ioner ved at afgive sine 3 elektroner i den yderste elektronskal. Aluminium i fødevarer har E-nummeret E-173.

Fase ved STP	Fast
Massefylde	2.7 g/cm3
Atommasse	26.9815 u

Smeltepunkt	933.47 K 660.32 °C 1220.576 °F
Kogepunkt	2743 K 2469.85 °C 4477.73 °F
Fordampningsvarme	290.8 kJ/mol

Elektronegativitet (Pauling Scale)	1.61
Elektronaffinitet	41.762 kJ/mol
Oxidationstrin	−2, −1, +1, +2, +3 (an amphoteric oxide)
Ioniseringsenergier	577.5 kJ/mol 1816.7 kJ/mol 2744.8 kJ/mol 11577 kJ/mol 14842 kJ/mol 18379 kJ/mol 23326 kJ/mol 27465 kJ/mol 31853 kJ/mol 38473 kJ/mol 42647 kJ/mol 201266 kJ/mol 222316 kJ/mol

Elektronkonfiguration Kortfattet konfiguration	[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Elektronkonfiguration Fuld konfiguration	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
Elektronkonfigurationsdiagram	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
Elektroner pr. Skal	2, 8, 3
Valenselektroner	3
Valency-elektroner	3
Bohrs atommodel	Figur: Skaldiagram af Aluminium (Al) atom.
Orbital diagram	1s 2s 2p 3s 3p

Forudsigelse	Antoine Lavoisier (1782)
Opdaget	Hans Christian Ørsted (1824)
Navngivet af	Humphry Davy (1812)
Opdagelse af aluminium Attempts to produce aluminium metal date back to 1760. The first successful attempt, however, was completed in 1824 by Danish physicist and chemist Hans Christian Ørsted. He reacted anhydrous aluminium chloride with potassium amalgam, yielding a lump of metal looking similar to tin. He presented his results and demonstrated a sample of the new metal in 1825. In 1827, German chemist Friedrich Wöhler repeated Ørsted's experiments but did not identify any aluminium. He conducted a similar experiment in the same year by mixing anhydrous aluminium chloride with potassium and produced a powder of aluminium. In 1845, he was able to produce small pieces of the metal and described some physical properties of this metal. For many years thereafter, Wöhler was credited as the discoverer of aluminium. The first industrial production of aluminium was initiated by French chemist Henri Étienne Sainte-Claire Deville in 1856.

Original word	alumen
Language of origin	Latin
Name source	Egenskaber
Meaning	“Bitter salt”
Naming The name is derived from the ancient Latin name for alum, which was alumen, meaning bitter salt.

CAS Number	7429-90-5
ChemSpider ID	4514248
EC number	231-072-3
PubChem CID Number	5359268