Radón

Símbolo	Rn
Número atómico	86
Grupo	18 (Gases nobles)
Período	6
Bloque	p
Clasificación	Gases nobles

Apariencia	Colorless gas, occasionally glows green or red in discharge tubes
Color	Incoloro

Número de protones	86 p+
Número de neutrones	136 n0
Número de electrones	86 e-

De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libreEl radón es un elemento químico perteneciente al grupo de los gases nobles. En su forma gaseosa es incoloro, inodoro e insípido y en forma sólida su color es rojizo. En la tabla periódica tiene el número 86 y símbolo Rn. Su masa media es de 222, lo que implica que por término medio tiene 222-86 = 136 neutrones. Igualmente, en estado neutro le corresponde tener el mismo número de electrones que de protones, esto es, 86. Es un elemento radiactivo y gaseoso, encuadrado dentro de los llamados gases nobles.

Fase en STP	Gas
Densidad	9.73 g/cm3
Peso atómico	222 u

Punto de fusión	202 K -71.15 °C -96.07 °F
Punto de ebullición	211.5 K -61.65 °C -78.97 °F
Entalpía de vaporización	16.4 kJ/mol

Electronegatividad (Escala de Pauling)	2.2
Afinidad electrónica	-68 kJ/mol
Estado de oxidación	0, +2, +6 ()
Energía de ionización	1037 kJ/mol

Configuración electrónica Configuración abreviada	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6
Configuración electrónica Configuración completa	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p6
Carta de configuración de electrones	1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p6
Electrones por nivel	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8
Electrones de valencia	8
Electrones de valency	0
Modelo atómico de Bohr	Figura: Diagrama de capa del átomo de Radón (Rn).
Diagrama orbital 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s 4p 4d 4f 5s 5p 5d 6s 6p

Descubrimiento	Ernest Rutherford, Robert Bowie Owens (1899)
Primer aislamiento	William Ramsay, Robert Whytlaw-Gray (1910)
Descubrimiento de radón Radon was the fifth radioactive element to be discovered, in 1899 by Ernest Rutherford and Robert B. Owens at McGill University in Montreal, after uranium, thorium, radium, and polonium. In 1899, Pierre and Marie Curie observed that the gas emitted by radium remained radioactive for a month. Later that year, Rutherford and Owens noticed variations when trying to measure radiation from thorium oxide. Rutherford noticed that the compounds of thorium continuously emit a radioactive gas that remains radioactive for several minutes, and called this gas "emanation" (from Latin: emanare, to flow out, and emanatio, expiration), and later "thorium emanation" ("Th Em"). In 1900, Friedrich Ernst Dorn reported some experiments in which he noticed that radium compounds emanate a radioactive gas he named "radium emanation" ("Ra Em"). In 1901, Rutherford and Harriet Brooks demonstrated that the emanations are radioactive, but credited the Curies for the discovery of the element. In 1903, similar emanations were observed from actinium by André-Louis Debierne, and were called "actinium emanation" ("Ac Em"). In 1909, Ramsay and Robert Whytlaw-Gray isolated radon and determined its melting temperature and approximate density. In 1910, they determined that it was the heaviest known gas.

Original word	radius
Language of origin	Latin
Name source	Propiedades
Meaning	“From radium”
Naming The name is derived from radium: radon was originally called 'radium emanation' before being recognised as a separate element.

CAS Number	10043-92-2
ChemSpider ID	23240
EC number	233-146-0
PubChem CID Number	24857