Grundstoffer opkaldt efter en egenskab
Flere grundstoffer blev opkaldt direkte efter en observerbar egenskab på opdagelsestidspunktet: en farve, en lugt, en vægt, en reaktivitet eller en adfærd. Eksempler omfatter klor (græsk chloros, bleggrøn), brom (græsk bromos, stank), argon (græsk argos, doven) og indium (latin indicum, indigo). Denne side viser hvert grundstof, hvis navn beskriver et af dets fysiske eller kemiske træk.
Tilbage til navnenes oprindelse
Navnekilde
Oprindelsessprog
| Nr | Symbol | Grundstof | Original word | Meaning | Language | Opkaldt af |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | Brint | hydor + genes | Water-forming | Greek | Antoine Lavoisier (1783) |
| 3 | Li | Lithium | lithos | Stone | Greek | |
| 6 | C | Carbon | carbo | Charcoal | Latin | |
| 7 | N | Kvælstof | nitron + genes | Nitre-forming | Greek | Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1790) |
| 8 | O | Ilt | oxys + genes | Acid-forming | Greek | Antoine Lavoisier (1777) |
| 9 | F | Fluor | fluere | To flow | Latin | Humphry Davy, André-Marie Ampère |
| 10 | Ne | Neon | neos | New | Greek | |
| 11 | Na | Natrium | soda | Soda | English | |
| 13 | Al | Aluminium | alumen | Bitter salt | Latin | Humphry Davy (1812) |
| 15 | P | Fosfor | phosphoros | Bringer of light | Greek | |
| 16 | S | Svovl | sulpur | Brimstone | Latin | |
| 17 | Cl | Klor | chloros | Greenish-yellow | Greek | Sir Humphry Davy (1810) |
| 18 | Ar | Argon | argos | Idle | Greek | |
| 19 | K | Kalium | potash | Potash | English | |
| 24 | Cr | Krom | chroma | Colour | Greek | |
| 25 | Mn | Mangan | magnes | Magnet | Latin | |
| 26 | Fe | Jern | iren | Iren | Anglo-Saxon | |
| 30 | Zn | Zink | zink | Zink | German | Paracelsus |
| 35 | Br | Brom | bromos | Stench | Greek | |
| 36 | Kr | Krypton | kryptos | Hidden | Greek | |
| 37 | Rb | Rubidium | rubidus | Dark red | Latin | |
| 40 | Zr | Zirconium | zargun | Gold-like | Arabic | |
| 42 | Mo | Molybdæn | molybdos | Lead | Greek | Peter Jacob Hjelm (1781) |
| 43 | Tc | Technetium | technetos | Artificial | Greek | |
| 45 | Rh | Rhodium | rhodon | Rose-coloured | Greek | |
| 47 | Ag | Sølv | seolfor | Seolfor | Anglo-Saxon | |
| 49 | In | Indium | indicum | Indigo | Latin | |
| 50 | Sn | Tin | tin | Tin | Anglo-Saxon | |
| 51 | Sb | Antimon | anti + monos | Not alone | Greek | |
| 53 | I | Jod | iodes | Violet | Greek | Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1813) |
| 54 | Xe | Xenon | xenos | Stranger | Greek | William Ramsay (1898) |
| 55 | Cs | Cæsium | caesius | Sky blue | Latin | |
| 56 | Ba | Barium | barys | Heavy | Greek | Humphry Davy (1808) |
| 57 | La | Lanthan | lanthanein | Lie hidden | Greek | Carl Gustaf Mosander (1839) |
| 59 | Pr | Praseodym | prasios + didymos | Green twin | Greek | |
| 60 | Nd | Neodym | neos + didymos | New twin | Greek | |
| 66 | Dy | Dysprosium | dysprositos | Hard to obtain | Greek | Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886) |
| 74 | W | Wolfram | tung sten | Heavy stone | Swedish | Torbern Bergman (1781) |
| 76 | Os | Osmium | osme | Smell | Greek | Smithson Tennant |
| 78 | Pt | Platin | platina | Little silver | Spanish | |
| 79 | Au | Guld | gold | Gold | Anglo-Saxon | |
| 81 | Tl | Thallium | thallos | Green twig | Greek | |
| 82 | Pb | Bly | lead | Lead | Anglo-Saxon | |
| 83 | Bi | Bismuth | wismuth | White mass | German | |
| 85 | At | Astat | astatos | Unstable | Greek | |
| 86 | Rn | Radon | radius | From radium | Latin | |
| 88 | Ra | Radium | radius | Ray | Latin | |
| 89 | Ac | Actinium | aktinos | Ray | Greek | André-Louis Debierne (1899) |
| 91 | Pa | Protactinium | protos + aktinos | First ray | Greek | Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner (1917) |