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Compare Zinc vs Nickel

Comparing Zinc (Zn) and Nickel (Ni). Atomic numbers 30 and 28 with atomic masses 65.382 u and 58.693 u, classified as transition metal and transition metal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
Zn
Zinc
#30
Ni
Nickel
#28

Periodic properties of the elements

ZincNickel
SymbolZnNi
Atomic number3028
Group1210
Period44
Blockdd
Element categoryTransition MetalTransition Metal

Physical properties

ZincNickel
Phase at STPSolidSolid
Density7.14 g/cm38.908 g/cm3
Atomic weight65.382 u58.6934 u
Melting point692.68 K
419.53 °C
787.154 °F		1728 K
1454.85 °C
2650.73 °F
Boiling point1180 K
906.85 °C
1664.33 °F		3003 K
2729.85 °C
4945.73 °F

Atomic properties

ZincNickel
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)1.651.91
Electron affinity-58 kJ/mol111.65 kJ/mol
Oxidation states−2, 0, +1, +2
(an amphoteric oxide)		−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4
(a mildly basic oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 906.4 kJ/mol
  2. 1733.3 kJ/mol
  3. 3833 kJ/mol
  4. 5731 kJ/mol
  5. 7970 kJ/mol
  6. 10400 kJ/mol
  7. 12900 kJ/mol
  8. 16800 kJ/mol
  9. 19600 kJ/mol
  10. 23000 kJ/mol
  11. 26400 kJ/mol
  12. 29990 kJ/mol
  13. 40490 kJ/mol
  14. 43800 kJ/mol
  15. 47300 kJ/mol
  16. 52300 kJ/mol
  17. 55900 kJ/mol
  18. 59700 kJ/mol
  19. 67300 kJ/mol
  20. 71200 kJ/mol
  21. 179100 kJ/mol
  1. 737.1 kJ/mol
  2. 1753 kJ/mol
  3. 3395 kJ/mol
  4. 5300 kJ/mol
  5. 7339 kJ/mol
  6. 10400 kJ/mol
  7. 12800 kJ/mol
  8. 15600 kJ/mol
  9. 18600 kJ/mol
  10. 21670 kJ/mol
  11. 30970 kJ/mol
  12. 34000 kJ/mol
  13. 37100 kJ/mol
  14. 41500 kJ/mol
  15. 44800 kJ/mol
  16. 48100 kJ/mol
  17. 55101 kJ/mol
  18. 58570 kJ/mol
  19. 148700 kJ/mol
  20. 159000 kJ/mol
  21. 169400 kJ/mol
  22. 182700 kJ/mol
  23. 194000 kJ/mol
  24. 205600 kJ/mol
  25. 221400 kJ/mol
  26. 231490 kJ/mol
  27. 992718 kJ/mol
  28. 1039668 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

ZincNickel
Shorthand configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 [Ar] 3d8 4s2
Full configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d8 4s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 16, 2

History

ZincNickel
DiscoveryIndian metallurgists (1000 BC)Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
First isolationAndreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746)Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
Named byParacelsus
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