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Compare Silver vs Ruthenium

Comparing Silver (Ag) and Ruthenium (Ru). Atomic numbers 47 and 44 with atomic masses 107.868 u and 101.072 u, classified as transition metal and transition metal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
Ag
Silver
#47
Ru
Ruthenium
#44

Periodic properties of the elements

SilverRuthenium
SymbolAgRu
Atomic number4744
Group118
Period55
Blockdd
Element categoryTransition MetalTransition Metal

Physical properties

SilverRuthenium
Phase at STPSolidSolid
Density10.49 g/cm312.45 g/cm3
Atomic weight107.868 u101.072 u
Melting point1234.93 K
961.78 °C
1763.204 °F		2607 K
2333.85 °C
4232.93 °F
Boiling point2435 K
2161.85 °C
3923.33 °F		4423 K
4149.85 °C
7501.73 °F

Atomic properties

SilverRuthenium
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)1.932.2
Electron affinity125.862 kJ/mol100.96 kJ/mol
Oxidation states−2, −1, +1, +2, +3
(an amphoteric oxide)		−4, −2, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +8
(a mildly acidic oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 731 kJ/mol
  2. 2070 kJ/mol
  3. 3361 kJ/mol
  1. 710.2 kJ/mol
  2. 1620 kJ/mol
  3. 2747 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

SilverRuthenium
Shorthand configuration[Kr] 4d10 5s1 [Kr] 4d7 5s1
Full configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d7 5s1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 18, 12, 8, 18, 15, 1

History

SilverRuthenium
DiscoveryAsia Minor (5000 BC)Karl Ernst Claus (1844)
First isolationKarl Ernst Claus (1844)
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