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Compare Silver vs Palladium

Comparing Silver (Ag) and Palladium (Pd). Atomic numbers 47 and 46 with atomic masses 107.868 u and 106.421 u, classified as transition metal and transition metal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
Ag
Silver
#47
Pd
Palladium
#46

Periodic properties of the elements

SilverPalladium
SymbolAgPd
Atomic number4746
Group1110
Period55
Blockdd
Element categoryTransition MetalTransition Metal

Physical properties

SilverPalladium
Phase at STPSolidSolid
Density10.49 g/cm312.023 g/cm3
Atomic weight107.868 u106.421 u
Melting point1234.93 K
961.78 °C
1763.204 °F		1828.05 K
1554.9 °C
2830.82 °F
Boiling point2435 K
2161.85 °C
3923.33 °F		3236 K
2962.85 °C
5365.13 °F

Atomic properties

SilverPalladium
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)1.932.2
Electron affinity125.862 kJ/mol54.24 kJ/mol
Oxidation states−2, −1, +1, +2, +3
(an amphoteric oxide)		0, +1, +2, +3, +4
(a mildly basic oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 731 kJ/mol
  2. 2070 kJ/mol
  3. 3361 kJ/mol
  1. 804.4 kJ/mol
  2. 1870 kJ/mol
  3. 3177 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

SilverPalladium
Shorthand configuration[Kr] 4d10 5s1 [Kr] 4d10
Full configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s1 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 18, 12, 8, 18, 18

History

SilverPalladium
DiscoveryAsia Minor (5000 BC)William Hyde Wollaston (1802)
First isolationWilliam Hyde Wollaston (1802)
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