Compare Oxygen vs Polonium
Comparing Oxygen (O) and Polonium (Po). Atomic numbers 8 and 84 with atomic masses 15.999 u and 209 u, classified as nonmetal and post-transition metal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.
Periodic properties of the elements
| Oxygen | Polonium | |
|---|---|---|
| Symbol | O | Po |
| Atomic number | 8 | 84 |
| Group | 16 | 16 |
| Period | 2 | 6 |
| Block | p | p |
| Element category | Nonmetal | Post-Transition Metal |
Physical properties
| Oxygen | Polonium | |
|---|---|---|
| Phase at STP | Gas | Solid |
| Density | 1.429 g/cm3 | 9.196 g/cm3 |
| Atomic weight | 15.999 u | 209 u |
| Melting point | 54.36 K -218.79 °C -361.822 °F | 527 K 253.85 °C 488.93 °F |
| Boiling point | 90.188 K -182.962 °C -297.3316 °F | 1235 K 961.85 °C 1763.33 °F |
Atomic properties
| Oxygen | Polonium | |
|---|---|---|
| Electronegativity (Pauling Scale) | 3.44 | 2 |
| Electron affinity | 140.976 kJ/mol | 136 kJ/mol |
| Oxidation states | −2, −1, 0, +1, +2 () | −2, +2, +4, +5, +6 (an amphoteric oxide) |
| Ionization energies |
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Electron configuration
| Oxygen | Polonium | |
|---|---|---|
| Shorthand configuration | [He] 2s2 2p4 | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4 |
| Full configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p4 | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p4 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 6 | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 6 |
History
| Oxygen | Polonium | |
|---|---|---|
| Discovery | Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Joseph Priestley (1774) | Pierre Curie, Marie Curie (1898) |
| First isolation | Willy Marckwald (1902) | |
| Named by | Antoine Lavoisier (1777) | Pierre Curie, Marie Curie |