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Compare Iron vs Chromium

Comparing Iron (Fe) and Chromium (Cr). Atomic numbers 26 and 24 with atomic masses 55.845 u and 51.996 u, classified as transition metal and transition metal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
Fe
Iron
#26
Cr
Chromium
#24

Periodic properties of the elements

IronChromium
SymbolFeCr
Atomic number2624
Group86
Period44
Blockdd
Element categoryTransition MetalTransition Metal

Physical properties

IronChromium
Phase at STPSolidSolid
Density7.874 g/cm37.19 g/cm3
Atomic weight55.8452 u51.9962 u
Melting point1811 K
1537.85 °C
2800.13 °F		2180 K
1906.85 °C
3464.33 °F
Boiling point3134 K
2860.85 °C
5181.53 °F		2944 K
2670.85 °C
4839.53 °F

Atomic properties

IronChromium
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)1.831.66
Electron affinity14.785 kJ/mol65.21 kJ/mol
Oxidation states−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7
(an amphoteric oxide)		−4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6
(depending on the oxidation state, an acidic, basic, or amphoteric oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 762.5 kJ/mol
  2. 1561.9 kJ/mol
  3. 2957 kJ/mol
  4. 5290 kJ/mol
  5. 7240 kJ/mol
  6. 9560 kJ/mol
  7. 12060 kJ/mol
  8. 14580 kJ/mol
  9. 22540 kJ/mol
  10. 25290 kJ/mol
  11. 28000 kJ/mol
  12. 31920 kJ/mol
  13. 34830 kJ/mol
  14. 37840 kJ/mol
  15. 44100 kJ/mol
  16. 47206 kJ/mol
  17. 122200 kJ/mol
  18. 131000 kJ/mol
  19. 140500 kJ/mol
  20. 152600 kJ/mol
  21. 163000 kJ/mol
  22. 173600 kJ/mol
  23. 188100 kJ/mol
  24. 195200 kJ/mol
  25. 851800 kJ/mol
  26. 895161 kJ/mol
  1. 652.9 kJ/mol
  2. 1590.6 kJ/mol
  3. 2987 kJ/mol
  4. 4743 kJ/mol
  5. 6702 kJ/mol
  6. 8744.9 kJ/mol
  7. 15455 kJ/mol
  8. 17820 kJ/mol
  9. 20190 kJ/mol
  10. 23580 kJ/mol
  11. 26130 kJ/mol
  12. 28750 kJ/mol
  13. 34230 kJ/mol
  14. 37066 kJ/mol
  15. 97510 kJ/mol
  16. 105800 kJ/mol
  17. 114300 kJ/mol
  18. 125300 kJ/mol
  19. 134700 kJ/mol
  20. 144300 kJ/mol
  21. 157700 kJ/mol
  22. 166090 kJ/mol
  23. 721870 kJ/mol
  24. 761733 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

IronChromium
Shorthand configuration[Ar] 3d6 4s2 [Ar] 3d5 4s1
Full configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 14, 22, 8, 13, 1

History

IronChromium
DiscoveryMiddle East (5000 BC)Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1794)
First isolationLouis Nicolas Vauquelin (1797)
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