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Compare Chlorine vs Phosphorus

Comparing Chlorine (Cl) and Phosphorus (P). Atomic numbers 17 and 15 with atomic masses 35.446 u and 30.974 u, classified as nonmetal and nonmetal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
Cl
Chlorine
#17
P
Phosphorus
#15

Periodic properties of the elements

ChlorinePhosphorus
SymbolClP
Atomic number1715
Group1715
Period33
Blockpp
Element categoryNonmetalNonmetal

Physical properties

ChlorinePhosphorus
Phase at STPGasSolid
Density3.2 g/cm31.823 g/cm3
Atomic weight35.446 u30.9738 u
Melting point171.6 K
-101.55 °C
-150.79 °F		-
Boiling point239.11 K
-34.04 °C
-29.272 °F		-

Atomic properties

ChlorinePhosphorus
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)3.162.19
Electron affinity348.575 kJ/mol72.037 kJ/mol
Oxidation states−1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7
(a strongly acidic oxide)		−3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
(a mildly acidic oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 1251.2 kJ/mol
  2. 2298 kJ/mol
  3. 3822 kJ/mol
  4. 5158.6 kJ/mol
  5. 6542 kJ/mol
  6. 9362 kJ/mol
  7. 11018 kJ/mol
  8. 33604 kJ/mol
  9. 38600 kJ/mol
  10. 43961 kJ/mol
  11. 51068 kJ/mol
  12. 57119 kJ/mol
  13. 63363 kJ/mol
  14. 72341 kJ/mol
  15. 78095 kJ/mol
  16. 352994 kJ/mol
  17. 380760 kJ/mol
  1. 1011.8 kJ/mol
  2. 1907 kJ/mol
  3. 2914.1 kJ/mol
  4. 4963.6 kJ/mol
  5. 6273.9 kJ/mol
  6. 21267 kJ/mol
  7. 25431 kJ/mol
  8. 29872 kJ/mol
  9. 35905 kJ/mol
  10. 40950 kJ/mol
  11. 46261 kJ/mol
  12. 54110 kJ/mol
  13. 59024 kJ/mol
  14. 271791 kJ/mol
  15. 296195 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

ChlorinePhosphorus
Shorthand configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p5 [Ne] 3s2 3p3
Full configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
Electrons per shell2, 8, 72, 8, 5

History

ChlorinePhosphorus
DiscoveryCarl Wilhelm Scheele (1774)Hennig Brand (1669)
First isolationCarl Wilhelm Scheele (1774)Hennig Brand (1669)
Named bySir Humphry Davy (1810)
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