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Compare Calcium vs Vanadium

Comparing Calcium (Ca) and Vanadium (V). Atomic numbers 20 and 23 with atomic masses 40.078 u and 50.942 u, classified as alkaline earth metal and transition metal. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
Ca
Calcium
#20
V
Vanadium
#23

Periodic properties of the elements

CalciumVanadium
SymbolCaV
Atomic number2023
Group25
Period44
Blockdd
Element categoryAlkaline Earth MetalTransition Metal

Physical properties

CalciumVanadium
Phase at STPSolidSolid
Density1.55 g/cm36 g/cm3
Atomic weight40.0784 u50.9415 u
Melting point1115 K
841.85 °C
1547.33 °F		2183 K
1909.85 °C
3469.73 °F
Boiling point1757 K
1483.85 °C
2702.93 °F		3680 K
3406.85 °C
6164.33 °F

Atomic properties

CalciumVanadium
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)11.63
Electron affinity2.37 kJ/mol50.911 kJ/mol
Oxidation states+1, +2
(a strongly basic oxide)		−3, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
(an amphoteric oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 589.8 kJ/mol
  2. 1145.4 kJ/mol
  3. 4912.4 kJ/mol
  4. 6491 kJ/mol
  5. 8153 kJ/mol
  6. 10496 kJ/mol
  7. 12270 kJ/mol
  8. 14206 kJ/mol
  9. 18191 kJ/mol
  10. 20385 kJ/mol
  11. 57110 kJ/mol
  12. 63410 kJ/mol
  13. 70110 kJ/mol
  14. 78890 kJ/mol
  15. 86310 kJ/mol
  16. 94000 kJ/mol
  17. 104900 kJ/mol
  18. 111711 kJ/mol
  19. 494850 kJ/mol
  20. 527762 kJ/mol
  1. 650.9 kJ/mol
  2. 1414 kJ/mol
  3. 2830 kJ/mol
  4. 4507 kJ/mol
  5. 6298.7 kJ/mol
  6. 12363 kJ/mol
  7. 14530 kJ/mol
  8. 16730 kJ/mol
  9. 19860 kJ/mol
  10. 22240 kJ/mol
  11. 24670 kJ/mol
  12. 29730 kJ/mol
  13. 32446 kJ/mol
  14. 86450 kJ/mol
  15. 94170 kJ/mol
  16. 102300 kJ/mol
  17. 112700 kJ/mol
  18. 121600 kJ/mol
  19. 130700 kJ/mol
  20. 143400 kJ/mol
  21. 151440 kJ/mol
  22. 661050 kJ/mol
  23. 699144 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

CalciumVanadium
Shorthand configuration[Ar] 4s2 [Ar] 3d3 4s2
Full configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3 4s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 8, 22, 8, 11, 2

History

CalciumVanadium
DiscoveryHumphry Davy (1808)Andrés Manuel del Río (1801)
First isolationHumphry Davy (1808)Andrés Manuel del Río (1801)
Named byNils Gabriel Sefström (1830)
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