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Compare Aluminium vs Boron

Comparing Aluminium (Al) and Boron (B). Atomic numbers 13 and 5 with atomic masses 26.982 u and 10.806 u, classified as post-transition metal and metalloid. Below: a side-by-side comparison of their physical, atomic, electron-configuration and historical properties, including density, melting and boiling points, ionization energies, oxidation states and discovery history.

vs
Al
Aluminium
#13
B
Boron
#5

Periodic properties of the elements

AluminiumBoron
SymbolAlB
Atomic number135
Group1313
Period32
Blockpp
Element categoryPost-Transition MetalMetalloid

Physical properties

AluminiumBoron
Phase at STPSolidSolid
Density2.7 g/cm32.08 g/cm3
Atomic weight26.9815 u10.806 u
Melting point933.47 K
660.32 °C
1220.576 °F		2349 K
2075.85 °C
3768.53 °F
Boiling point2743 K
2469.85 °C
4477.73 °F		4200 K
3926.85 °C
7100.33 °F

Atomic properties

AluminiumBoron
Electronegativity (Pauling Scale)1.612.04
Electron affinity41.762 kJ/mol26.989 kJ/mol
Oxidation states−2, −1, +1, +2, +3
(an amphoteric oxide)		−5, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3
(a mildly acidic oxide)
Ionization energies
  1. 577.5 kJ/mol
  2. 1816.7 kJ/mol
  3. 2744.8 kJ/mol
  4. 11577 kJ/mol
  5. 14842 kJ/mol
  6. 18379 kJ/mol
  7. 23326 kJ/mol
  8. 27465 kJ/mol
  9. 31853 kJ/mol
  10. 38473 kJ/mol
  11. 42647 kJ/mol
  12. 201266 kJ/mol
  13. 222316 kJ/mol
  1. 800.6 kJ/mol
  2. 2427.1 kJ/mol
  3. 3659.7 kJ/mol
  4. 25025.8 kJ/mol
  5. 32826.7 kJ/mol

Electron configuration

AluminiumBoron
Shorthand configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p1 [He] 2s2 2p1
Full configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 1s2 2s2 2p1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 32, 3

History

AluminiumBoron
PredictionAntoine Lavoisier (1782)
DiscoveryHans Christian Ørsted (1824)Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, Louis Jacques Thénard (1808)
First isolationHumphry Davy (1808)
Named byHumphry Davy (1812)
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